CVE-2026-42790

Published: Mag 27, 2026 Last Modified: Mag 27, 2026
ExploitDB:
Other exploit source:
Google Dorks:
HIGH 7,6
Source: 6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db
Attack Vector: network
Attack Complexity: high
Privileges Required: none
User Interaction: passive
Confidentiality: N/A
Integrity: N/A
Availability: N/A

Description

AI Translation Available

Improper Certificate Validation vulnerability in Erlang OTP public_key (pubkey_cert and public_key modules) allows a DNS nameConstraints bypass via subject CommonName fallback in TLS hostname verification.

Two flaws combine to allow a subordinate CA whose DNS nameConstraints are restricted (e.g. permitted;DNS:allowed.example.com) to issue a leaf certificate that an OTP TLS client accepts as a valid identity for an out-of-scope hostname (e.g. victim.example.com):

First, pubkey_cert:validate_names/6 in lib/public_key/src/pubkey_cert.erl only checks SAN DNS entries against nameConstraints. Per RFC 5280, a permitted DNS subtree only restricts certificates that contain a DNS-typed name. A leaf with no subjectAltName therefore trivially satisfies any permitted;DNS:... constraint regardless of its subject commonName.

Second, public_key:pkix_verify_hostname/3 in lib/public_key/src/public_key.erl falls back to the subject commonName when no subjectAltName is present, extracting id-at-commonName attributes as presented IDs and matching them against the reference hostname. The strict pkix_verify_hostname_match_fun(https) matcher does not suppress this fallback.

The result is that path validation accepts a CN-only leaf under a DNS-constrained intermediate (no SAN means the nameConstraints are not triggered), and hostname verification then accepts it via the CN fallback. The bypass is reachable from stock ssl:connect with verify_peer, a trusted CA, SNI, and the canonical strict https hostname matcher.

This issue affects OTP from OTP 19.3 before OTP 26.2.5.21, 27.3.4.12, 28.5.0.1, and 29.0.1 corresponding to public_key from 1.4 before 1.15.1.7, 1.17.1.3, 1.20.3.1, and 1.21.1.

295

Improper Certificate Validation

Draft
Common Consequences
Security Scopes Affected:
Integrity Authentication
Potential Impacts:
Bypass Protection Mechanism Gain Privileges Or Assume Identity
Applicable Platforms
Technologies: Not Technology-Specific, Web Based, Mobile
View CWE Details
297

Improper Validation of Certificate with Host Mismatch

Incomplete
Common Consequences
Security Scopes Affected:
Access Control Authentication Other
Potential Impacts:
Gain Privileges Or Assume Identity Other
Applicable Platforms
Technologies: Not Technology-Specific, Mobile, Web Based
View CWE Details
https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-42790.html
https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/0769050c69d73762672b0db1347b6993a5b31759
https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/21abed64eb2026b5f82f432709e4e932f9be389a
https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/fb67c6d1836f51105a96d8b769e71e4215a79457
https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories/GHSA-22cw-4ph4-6447
https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-42790
https://www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html#order-of-versions