CVE-2026-45945
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
iommu/vt-d: Fix race condition during PASID entry replacement
The Intel VT-d PASID table entry is 512 bits (64 bytes). When replacing
an active PASID entry (e.g., during domain replacement), the current
implementation calculates a new entry on the stack and copies it to the
table using a single structure assignment.
struct pasid_entry *pte, new_pte;
pte = intel_pasid_get_entry(dev, pasid);
pasid_pte_config_first_level(iommu, &new_pte, ...);
*pte = new_pte;
Because the hardware may fetch the 512-bit PASID entry in multiple
128-bit chunks, updating the entire entry while it is active (Present
bit set) risks a 'torn' read. In this scenario, the IOMMU hardware
could observe an inconsistent state — partially new data and partially
old data — leading to unpredictable behavior or spurious faults.
Fix this by removing the unsafe 'replace' helpers and following the
'clear-then-update' flow, which ensures the Present bit is cleared and
the required invalidation handshake is completed before the new
configuration is applied.